​Botanical Name:

• Geranium (True Geraniums or Cranesbills)

• Often confused with Pelargonium (commonly called Geraniums in gardening)

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Key Characteristics:

FeatureDetails

Type: Perennial, annual (depending on variety)

FamilyGeraniaceae

Native RegionsTemperate regions worldwide (Europe, Asia, North America)

Common VarietiesCranesbill (Geranium spp.), Zonal Geranium (Pelargonium spp.)

Flower ColorsPink, purple, white, blue, red

Blooming SeasonSpring to early autumn

Height inches to 2 feet (15–60 cm), varies by species

Light Requirement sun to partial shade

Well-drained, fertile soil

Watering Moderate; drought-tolerant once established

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Uses & Benefits:

• Ornamental: Beautiful garden plant for borders, hanging baskets, and pots.

• Aromatic: Many varieties have scented leaves (lemon, rose, mint).

• Medicinal: Traditional use in herbal medicine (antiseptic, anti-inflammatory).

• Essential Oil: Extracted from Pelargonium graveolens for perfumery, skincare, and aromatherapy.

• Pollinator Friendly: Attracts bees and butterflies.

Care Tips:

• Pruning: Deadhead spent flowers to encourage continuous blooming.

• Fertilizer: Light feeding during the growing season (balanced fertilizer).

• Pests/Diseases: Watch for aphids, whiteflies, and root rot in overly wet conditions.

• Overwintering: In colder climates, annual geraniums can be overwintered indoors.

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Note on Confusion:

• True Geraniums (Cranesbills): Hardy perennials, often found in temperate gardens.

• Common "Geraniums" (Pelargoniums): Popular bedding plants and houseplants, usually treated as annuals.